Africa holds the deepest chapters of the human story. Across its deserts, forests, savannas, mountains, and coasts lie traces of lives stretching from the earliest stone tools to ancient cities, kingdoms, and networks that connected distant worlds. Here, our ancestors first shaped stone, communities transformed landscapes, and generations of artists, craftspeople, farmers, herders, merchants, and rulers left their marks upon the continent.

Yet there is no single African past. Its archaeology is a mosaic of countless histories—of innovation and movement, adaptation and exchange, continuity and transformation. Follow the objects, places, and traces they left behind, and explore a continent whose past is as vast, varied, and enduring as Africa itself.

Adulis: the city behind the port

Adulis is often called Aksum’s port. The phrase is accurate as far as it goes. Yet it conceals almost everything that made the relationship possible: a dispersed harbour landscape, regulated exchange, inland transport, urban labour and institutions with histories of their own.

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